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PCB Design | PCB Manufacturing Process Flow Chart, PPT, and PDF

Date:2021/3/31 16:47:21 Hits:
 


"Getting tired of reading PCB fabrication process word by word? Why not try these free-download PCB manufacturing process flow Charts, PPT, and PDF? You won't be charged anything from FMUSER, the only thing at all to do is to forward this page! ----- FMUSER"


Content (Click to Visit!)

1. What Is PCB Manufacturing Process?
2. Step 1: The Preliminary work of PCB Manufacturing
3. Step 2: The Production of PCB Manufacturing
            3.1 Multilayer PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.2 Double-Layer PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.3 Single-layer PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.4 Flexible PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.5 Rigid PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.6 Rigid-Flex PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.7 High-Frequency PCB Manufacturing Process
            3.8 Aluminum-Backed PCB Manufacturing Process
4. Step 3: The Follow-up of PCB Manufacturing Manufacturing Process
5. Who Is Selling High-quality Printed Circuit Board?



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1. What Is PCB Manufacturing Process?


Complete PCB Manufacturing Process (Free Download PDF)

Complete PCB Design and Fabrication (Free Download PDF)

Printed Circuit Board Layout - PCB Design Tutorial (Free Download PDF)


Don't underestimate a simple PCB board, manufacturing a PCB board with only a few square centimeters requires a series of complex process steps, while different types of PCB boards (such as single-layer PCB, double-layer PCB, and multi-layer PCB ) There are also different production methods. If you miss any step during the PCB manufacturing process, the PCB board production problem might happen!


There are also many PCB terminology in PCB manufacturing, PCB design, and etc. You might have a better understanding of printed circuit board after reading some of the PCB terminologies from the below page!


Also read: PCB Terminology Glossary (Beginners-Friendly) | PCB Design




Typically, the PCB Manufacturing Process flow chart can be divided into three parts, which are:


● Step 1. PCB Manufacturing - The Preliminary work

● Step 2. PCB Manufacturing - The Production

● Step 3. PCB Manufacturing - The Follow-up


Always remember that the manufacturing process in this page varies from different types of in Step 2, but they are all the same in Step 1 and Step 3.


So, how are PCBs made? By reading the following pcb manufacturing process flow chart (with free download pcb manufacturing process flow chart PDF and pcb manufacturing process ppt) you will learn more from our pcb manufacturing process tutorialm, let's begin:


Also read: What is Printed Circuit Board (PCB) | All You Need to Know


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2. Step 1: The Preliminary work of PCB Manufacturing


In this part, the pcb manufacturing process flow chart includs these steps:

Customer Quote >> Customer Order Received >> Contract Review >> Enter Order In MRP System >> Engineering >> Cam-Tool Generation



You might have a better understanding toward the preliminary work in PCB manufacturing process (as is shown in the pcb process flow chart ):



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Also read: PCB Manufacturing Process | 16 Steps to Make a PCB Board


3. Step 2: The Production of PCB Manufacturing


Many people ask FMUSER that:

What is multilayer pcb manufacturing process

What is double-sided pcb manufacturing process

What is single-sided pcb manufacturing process

etc...


So, in this part, three types of PCB with how the PCBs are made are introduced, and they are:


● Multi-Layer PCB 

● Double-Layer PCB 

● Single-layer PCB


There are also other types of PCB board such as :


● Flexible PCBs

● Rigid PCBs

● Rigid-Flex PCBs

● High-Frequency PCBs

● Aluminum backed PCBs

etc...


They have many characters in commons and differences, the follwing content will bring you a clear information on what are these PCBs and how these PCBs are made.


Also read: What are the Different Types of PCB Board (Printed Circuit Board)?


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3.1 What is a Multilayer PCB and How is a Multilayer PCB Made?


Multilayer PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a Multilayer PCB?

Multilayer PCB refers to is a circuit board with three or more conductive copper foil layers. All multilayer PCBs must have at least three layers of conductive material that are buried in the center of the material. In comparison with single-layer PCBs, multilayer PCBs are smaller in size and lighter in weight, besides, multilayer PCBs are much more powerful than single-layer PCBs. Multilayer PCBs are widely used in applications such as consumer electronics and telecommunications with high assembly density and enhanced design functionality.


2) How is a Multilayer PCB Made?

A Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 

Raw Material Release >> Inter Layer Image >> Inter Layer Etching >> Resist Stripping >> Inner Layer AOI >> Post Etch Punch >> Inner Layer Oxide >> Layup >> Lamination >> X-Ray Alignment >> Drilling >> Metallization >> Outer Layer Imaging >> Pattern Plating >> Tin Plating >> Resist Stripping >> Etching >> Tin Stripping >> Outer Layer Inspection >> Surface Prep >> Solder Mask Coating >> Solder Mask Image >> Printing >> Final Cure (Masking) >> Final Finish


This is a simple multilayer PCB manufacturing process flow chart:



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Also read: Through Hole vs Surface Mount | What is the Difference?


3.2 What is a Double-Layer PCB and How is A Double-Layer PCB Made?

Double-layer PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)

1) What is a Double-Layer PCB?

Double-Sided PCB, also known as two-layer PCB or Double-Sided Plated Thru or DSPT, is a type of PCB that has conductive copper layers on both sides of the board (comes with two-sided traces or paths i.e. top layer and bottom layer.) They take into account nearer (and maybe additionally) directing follows by substituting between a best and base layer utilizing vias. Today, double-Sided PCBs circuits are the gateway to higher technology applications and double-sided printed circuit board innovation is maybe the most mainstream kind of PCB in the business.


2) How is A Double-Layer PCB Made?

A Double-Laye PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 

Raw Material Release >> Drilling >> Metallization >> Outer Layer Imaging >> Pattern Plating >> Tin Plating >> Resist Stripping >> Etching >> Tin Stripping >> Outer Layer Inspection >> Surface Prep >> Solder Mask Coating >> Solder Mask Image >> Printing >> Final Cure (Masking) >> Final Finish


This is a simple double-layer PCB manufacturing process flow chart:





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Also read: How to Recycle A Waste Printed Circuit Board? | Things You Should Know



3.3 What is a Single-layer PCB and How is A Single-layer PCB Made?

Single-layer PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a Single-layer PCB?

Single-layer PCB is one of the most commonly produced boards as they are very simple and basic to make, single-layer PCB is also known as single-sided PCB or one layer PCB, it is a type of PCB that has conductive copper and components mounted on one side (one layer conductive pattern) of the board and another side is used for incorporating different electronic components on the board.

Copper is the most common coating due to how well it functions as an electrical conductor. These PCBs also contain a protective solder mask, which is applied on the top of the copper layer along with a silkscreen coat. 


2) How is A Single-layer PCB Made?

Single-layer PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 
Raw Material Release >> Drilling >> Image (print/etch) >> Etching >> Resist stripping >> Outer Layer Inspection >> Surface Prep >> Solder Mask Coating >> Solder Mask Image >> Printing >> Final Cure (Masking) >> Final Finish


This is a simple single-layer PCB manufacturing process flow chart:



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3.4 What is a Flexible PCB and How A Flexible PCB is Made?


Flexible PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a Flexible PCB?

A flexible printed circuit board also called flex circuit board, flexible PCB, flex circuit, flexible printed circuit or flex PCB, is a combination of several printed circuits as well as components that are positioned on a flexible substrate.  flex circuit boards, flex PCBs, flex circuits, or flexible printed circuits. These printed circuit boards are designed using the same components as rigid printed circuit boards. However, the only difference is the board is made such that it flexes to the desired shape during the application. Flexible circuits are basically made from a thin insulating polymer film with a pattern of conductor, adhesives, and Insulators. Flex circuits have been in use since the Second World War and their applications are still growing exponentially. Flexible printed circuit boards are widely used in avionics, airbag systems, antilock brakes, bar code equipment, battery packs, cameras with their flexibility and high heat dissipation, it is also cost savings.


The FPCB can be divided into to types:

● Rigid-Flex PCBs
● HDI Flexible PCBs


2) How is a Flexible PCB Made?

Flexible PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 

Shearing >> CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Drilling >> Plating Through Hole >> Dry Film Lamination >> Exposure >> Developmen >> Etching >> Stripping >> AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) >> Coverlay Pre-Lamination >> Hot Press >> Metal Finish >> Screen Printing >> Test


RTR is a new generation of FPC production methods. The main feature of the RTR method is that it can complete the whole front process, from drilling to hot press, of all the FPC at the same time. Therefore, once the RTR method reaches its stable capacity, the production efficiency will have a great enhancement. Given the advantage of the RTR method, many manufacturers have made investments to equip the RTR production line.


This is a simple  PCB manufacturing process flow chart:




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3.5 What is a Rigid PCB and How is a Rigid PCB Made?


Rigid PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a Rigid PCB?

A rigid PCB is a board that we cannot bend or force out of shape, once a Rigid Circuit Board is manufactured it cannot be modified or folded into any other shape. It is a solid, inflexible printed circuit board made up of copper trances and paths that are incorporated on a single board in order to connect the different components on the board.

Rigid PCBs can be anything from simple single-layer PCBs to eight or ten-layer multi-layer PCBs. It is the largest number of PCB manufactured, the base material of the board is made of a rigid substrate which gives rigidity and strength to the board, which can effectively prevent the distortion of the circuit board.

Rigid PCBs can be anything from simple single-layer PCBs to eight or ten-layer multi-layer PCBs. They are widely used in Computers and Laptops. The computer motherboard is the most common rigid PCB. The motherboard is a multi-layer PCB designed to distribute power from the power supply while allowing communication between all components of the computer, such as CPU, GPU, and RAM.

Rigid PCBs are also widely used in military and defense equipment, automotive, hand help devices, and industrial equipment, etc. for its cheap cost, durability, and high quality.


2) How is a Rigid PCB Made?

A  Rigid PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 

Material Preparation >> Exposure of Circuit Pattern >> Etching  >> Drilling  >> Copper Plating >> Coverlay Application >> Coverlay Lamination >> Stiffener Application >> Mounting >> Testing


This is a simple Rigid PCB manufacturing process flow chart:




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3.6 What is a Rigid-Flex PCB and How is a Rigid-Flex PCB Made?


Rigid-flex PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a Rigid-Flex PCB?

A rigid-flex printed circuit board (PCB) can be divided into two types, which are "installing flex" and "dynamic flex". As a hybrid circuit board design that using a combination of flexible and rigid board technologies in an application, rigid-flex printed circuit board integrates elements from both hardboard and flexible circuits. The flexible layers are buried internally and completely penetrate the rigid sections of the PCB, so the board is rigid at some points and flexible at others... And because of this, rigid-flex circuits can be folded or continuously flexed while maintaining the shape of areas that need extra support. 

Flex and rigid-flex circuit boards act as a replacement for wire and wire harness assemblies, providing cost savings with no reduction in performance.

Also, rigid-flex PCBs are widely used in high-shock and high-vibration environments because this type of PCB is highly shock-resistance, space-saving, cost-saving, and highly reliable.

How is a Rigid-Flex PCB Made?


2) How is a Rigid-flex PCB Made?

Rigid-Flex PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 

Preparing the Base Material >> Circuit Pattern Generation >> Screen Printing >> Photo Imaging >> Etch the Circuit Pattern >> Drilling Processes >> Through-hole Plating >> Apply Cover lay or Covercoat >> Cutting out the Flex >> Electrical Testing and Verification


This is a simple  PCB manufacturing process flow chart:




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3.7 What is a High-Frequency PCB and How is a High-Frequency PCB Made?


RF PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a High-Frequency PCB?

High-Frequency PCB is a type of PCB available in the frequency range of 500MHz to 2GHz. In general terms, the PCB industry considers an RF circuit board to be any high-frequency PCB that operates above 100MHz, generally speaking, high frequency can be defined as frequency above 1GHz. Currently, PTFE material is widely used in high-frequency PCB manufacturing, it's also called Teflon, which frequency is normally above 5GHz. In addition, FR4 or PPO substrate can be used to the product frequency among 1GHz~10GHz.

A high-frequency PCB is an ideal choice for mobile, microwave, radiofrequency, and high-speed design applications, it can meet your needs when incorporating a special signal requirement into your electronic components and products. 

There are plenty of "things" that need to be taken into consideration when designing a High-Frequency PCB, for example, the dynamic dielectric constant, the coefficient of thermal expansion, loss tangent, spacing, moisture absorption, cost & perfomance, if you leave one of these "things” behind when producing an RF PCB, you might make some mistakes.


2) How is a High-Frequency PCB Made?

High-Frequency PCB Manufacturing Process can be simply divided into: 


● Layout - Design - PLating - Routing


However, due to the high itegration and diffculties in making high-frequency PCB, many steps needs to be taken very carefully, FMUSER hereby provide a simple list of high-frequency PCBmanufacturing process steps for you, if you would like to know more information about making or designing professional RF printed circuit board, please make sure to contact our techinical team, we're always listening!


So, there are some tips for you:

No single-shot perfect RF layout >> Use 4-Layer Design >> Make everything 50 ohms >> Lay out RF first – ALWAYS >> Isolation is important >> Keep inductance low >> Use Plating/Copper >> Routing >> Don't break the ground plane >> Use Integrated Components >> Follow The Manufacturer Recommendations


This is a simple High-Frequency PCB manufacturing process flow chart:




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3.8 What is a Aluminum-Backed PCB and How is a Aluminum-Backed PCB Made?


Aluminum PCB Manufactring Process Flow Chart (Free Download PDF)


1) What is a Aluminum-Backed PCB?

Aluminum-backed PCBs are the perfect thermal heat dissipation solution famous for their high performance, including excellent thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. It is a type of printed circuit board with a bonded copper circuit layer to create superior heat transfer to help cool components while eliminating problems associated with managing fragile ceramics, which especially friendly for any design that utilizes high power surface mount ICS. An aluminum-backed PCB contains a thin layer of conductive dielectric material. They are also known as Aluminum Clad, Aluminum base, MCPCB (Metal Clad Printed Circuit Board), IMS (Insulated Metal Substrate), Thermally Conductive PCBs, etc. Aluminum PCBs typically are single-sided but can be double-sided as well. Multilayer Aluminum PCBs are highly difficult to manufacture.

Aluminum boards get the most use in LED and power converting electronics, because of the characteristic of being light-weight, able to dissipate heat, long lasting, easy-assembling environmentally friendly,and economical, Aluminum-Backed PCBs are also widely used in healthcare (surgical lighting tools and medical operating theatre lighting), automation industry (automotive dashboards), transmission (signal beacons), etc.


2) How is a Aluminum-Backed PCB Made?

Aluminum-Backed PCB Manufacturing Process can be divided into: 


● Copper Etching >> Solder Mask Printing >> Mechanical Manufacturing

Specifically, the PCB manufacturing process of a aluminum PCB is:
Cut Lamination >> Drilling >> Dry/wet film imaging >> Acidic/alkaline etching >> Solder mask and silkscreen process >> V-CUT, Rout out >> Electronic test


This is a simple Aluminum-Backed PCB manufacturing process flow chart:





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4. Step 3: The Follow-up of PCB Manufacturing


Electrical Test >> Scoring (IF REQD) >> Fabrication >> Final Cleaning >> Final Visual Inspection >> QC And FAI Reporting >> Packaging >> Invoicing >> Shipping



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5. Who Is Selling High-quality Printed Circuit Board?

FMUSER is the one of the most reliable PCB manufactuers around Asia, we know that any industry that uses electronic equipment requires PCBs. Whatever application you’re using your PCBs for, it’s important that they’re reliable, affordable, and designed to fit your needs. 

As the expert in manufacturing PCBs of FM radio transmitter as well as the provider of audio and video transmission solutions, FMUSER also knows that you're looking for quality&budget PCBs for your FM broadcast transmitter, that's what we provide, contact us immediately for free PCB board inquiries!




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